Terminological definition of the terms „Pinge“(Binge)

meaning in historical - medieval mining. The main part of the paper is concerned with the evaluation of the conceptual terminological
inaccuracy of the word pinge and analyses the individual historical montane shapes in detail. These shapes are often terminologically
interchanged with pingen and also inaccurately considered pingen. These are surface concave montane shapes of relief in general, i.e.,
verhau, shurf, sinks, depressions, etc. These shapes have fundamentally different morphological and morphometrical properties and
parameters, considering the different genesis of their origin. Nevertheless, these basic properties, which are not interchangeable were not
considered in different scientific disciplines and were regarded as pingen. This part of the paper also evaluates the basic properties of
pingen based on their relation to the relief and landscape, which must be studied from anthropogenic geomorphology and mining
engineering. Final part of this paper offers the results of the research based on the analysis of medieval and modern archive sources, the
oldest montane papers, the latest scientific studies and field research, which unequivocally establish the meaning of pinge in mining
engineering (montane anthropogenic geomorphology), which is acceptable for all scientific disciplines concerned with this unique shape.
A part of the final discussion is the exact definition of the term pinge and its meticulous delimitation.