Sudden death due to pulmonary thromboembolism in an hypertensive patient with large leiomyomata

Ayodele Joshua Omotoso, Martin Anozodo Nnoli, Patience Olufemi Odusolu, Ekpe Lawson, Anthonia Ikpeme, Kenneth Omoruyi, Inemesit Akpan

Sudden death due to pulmonary thromboembolism in an hypertensive patient with large leiomyomata

Číslo: 1/2016
Periodikum: Medical and Health Science Journal
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15208/mhsj.2016.03

Klíčová slova: Pulmonary thromboembolism, leiomyoma, autopsy, calabar, Plicní tromboembolie, leiomyom, pitva, kalabar

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Anotace: The pathophysiology of venous thrombosis is classically attributed to alterations in one or more components of Virchow’s triad: hypercoagulability, stasis, and damage to the vascular endothelium. Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) may lead to pulmonary thromboembolism (PE), and the latter is culpable for many deaths annually in the United States. However, DVT as a complication of uterine leiomyoma has rarely been reported. We report a case of a fair, fatty, female in her fifties whose death was due to a large leiomyomata externally compressing the pelvic veins resulting in stasis and venous thrombosis leading to fatal PE. The association of large pelvic masses with venous thrombosis has clinical implications, since prophylactic surgery could be life-saving. Other findings in this patient were cholelithiasis and cardiomegaly with left ventricular hypertrophy.

Leiomyoma is the commonest gyneacology tumour which usually regress with age and rarely with thromboembolic phenomenon. However, the presence of this condition in a patient with high risk index for thrombus formation should necessitate the removal of the tumour in order to prevent sudden death from pulmonary thromboembolism.