Branislav Šprocha
The Continuing Transformation of Nuptiality and Divorce in Czechia and Slovakia after 1989
Číslo: 2/2021
Periodikum: Demografie
Klíčová slova: nuptiality, divorce, cohort approach, Czechia, Slovakia
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Anotace:
Nuptiality and divorce are processes that have undergone several important changes in Czechia and Slovakia in
the last three decades. The main aim of this paper is a cohort analysis of the quantum and tempo of nuptiality
among single persons and of divorce rates among the selected marriage cohorts that have been most affected
by the transformation of marriage behaviour in Czechia and Slovakia since 1989.
The results show a significant and, among selected cohorts, gradually steeper decline in the rate of first
marriages. At the same time, there has been a continuous and inter-cohort intensification of the process
of postponing entry into the first marriage in both countries and in both sexes. These changes are occurring
more dynamically in Czechia. This means that in the birth cohorts from the late 1970s, more than a third
of men and almost 30% of women never marry. In Slovakia, the figure is about 30% of men and a quarter
of women. The main reason for this is the significant drop in the probability of marriage at a younger age
and insufficient recuperation in older ages.
The steadily increasing cross-sectional level of divorce rates in both countries was also reflected
in the development of the cohort probability of divorce. The highest risk of divorce (47%–48%) was identified
in Czechia among the marriage cohorts from the second half of the 1980s and the early 1990s. In Slovakia,
the highest risk was slightly lower (33–34%) and was observed among the marriage cohorts from the first half
of the 1990s. Younger cohorts were affected by the faster increase in cross-sectional divorce rates. The result
of the differences in the dynamics of the divorce rate trends between Czechia and Slovakia was thus a certain
equalisation of the intensity of divorce among younger cohorts in both countries.
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the last three decades. The main aim of this paper is a cohort analysis of the quantum and tempo of nuptiality
among single persons and of divorce rates among the selected marriage cohorts that have been most affected
by the transformation of marriage behaviour in Czechia and Slovakia since 1989.
The results show a significant and, among selected cohorts, gradually steeper decline in the rate of first
marriages. At the same time, there has been a continuous and inter-cohort intensification of the process
of postponing entry into the first marriage in both countries and in both sexes. These changes are occurring
more dynamically in Czechia. This means that in the birth cohorts from the late 1970s, more than a third
of men and almost 30% of women never marry. In Slovakia, the figure is about 30% of men and a quarter
of women. The main reason for this is the significant drop in the probability of marriage at a younger age
and insufficient recuperation in older ages.
The steadily increasing cross-sectional level of divorce rates in both countries was also reflected
in the development of the cohort probability of divorce. The highest risk of divorce (47%–48%) was identified
in Czechia among the marriage cohorts from the second half of the 1980s and the early 1990s. In Slovakia,
the highest risk was slightly lower (33–34%) and was observed among the marriage cohorts from the first half
of the 1990s. Younger cohorts were affected by the faster increase in cross-sectional divorce rates. The result
of the differences in the dynamics of the divorce rate trends between Czechia and Slovakia was thus a certain
equalisation of the intensity of divorce among younger cohorts in both countries.