Polyphenolic and flavonoids content, hplc profiling and antioxidant activity of some medicinal plants with pancreatic histological study in alloxan-induced diabetic rats model

industries. Nowadays, many investigators focused their studies for medicinal plants in order to extract components which have effects as
antibacterial and antioxidant activities, also, some diseases such as diabetes, cardiovascular, diarrhea, antitumor and anticancer, etc. Our
study focused in the biochemical characterization of Portulaca oleracea and Carthamus tinctorius to study their antidiabetic activity in
alloxan induced diabetes in rats.
Methods: Extracts from Portulaca oleracea leaves and Carthamus tinctorius flowers were prepared then their total phenolic and
flavonoid content and identification by HPLC technique were analyzed. Moreover, the antioxidant activity using (FRAP and DPPH
radical) were determined. Randomly allocated male white Wistar rats into four groups of five each: non-diabetic control; diabetic
control; diabetic treated with Carthamus tinctorius extract (200 mg kg-1 BW); diabetic treated with Portulaca oleracea extract daily
(250 mg/kg), then pancreatic tissues were collected and routinely processed for histopathological examination.
Results indicate that methanolic extract of Portulaca oleracea leaves had the largest total polyphenols and flavonoids content, which
were 129.03 mg GAE/g and 22.55 mg QE/g, followed by Carthamus tinctorius flowers methanolic extract, which were 102.44 mg
GAE/g and 13.94 mg QE/g, respectively. Identification of total polyphenols and flavonoids were estimated by HPLC. The methanolic
extract of Portulaca oleracea leaves, had the highest reducing power which was 1.921 at the concentrations of 80 mg/ml. followed by
Carthamus tinctorius flowers extract. Also, by using (DPPH+
), the highest antioxidants activity was for Portulaca oleracea leaves
extract. Microscopic examination of pancreatic tissues from rats treated with Portulaca oleracea and Carthamus tinctorius revealed
their anti-diabetic activity with improved histological tissue changes compared with alloxan induced diabetic group. Moreover,
antidiabetic activity of Portulaca oleracea recorded more histological improvement than that of Carthamus tinctorius compared with
the control non diabetic group.