Anotace:
One of the most dangerous and most widespread chemical pollutions of the biosphere are heavy metals (HM). Therefore, the assessment of their biogenic migration in the "soil–plant" system and the search for ways to reduce toxic effects on the environment are priority and relevant. The task of our researches consisted of the determination of influence the microbial preparation Phosphoenterin on the migration of water soluble forms of copper in the soil–plant system and grain quality (protein and gluten content) at growing winter wheat under the conditions of model field experiments. The quantitative content of water soluble forms of copper in soil samples (chernozem southern calcareous) and plants (roots, straw, grain) by atomic absorption analysis has been obtained. The content of gluten and protein in the grain of winter wheat was determined by infrared spectroscopy. The positive effect of the microbial preparation Phosphoenterin on the migration of water soluble forms of copper in the soil–plant system was established. In the rhizosphere of inoculated plants their accumulation decreased by 29-39 %, roots – 7-28 %, straw – 7-39 %, grain -– 6-40 % in comparison to the control variant. Correlation analysis showed the presence of direct, close, reliable relationships between the content of water soluble Cu compounds in the rhizosphere, roots, straw and winter wheat grain (r=0.89-0.98). The positive effect of presowing inoculation of seeds on the quality (protein and gluten content increased to 15% and 28% against 13 % and 24% on the control variant, respectively) of grain winter wheat, growing on a natural background has been showed.