Anotace:
Olive knot disease caused by Pseudomonas savastanoi pv. savastanoi (PSS) is considered as the main bacterial disease of olive tree in Morocco. However, sole prophylactic measures are available. The main aim of this work was to evaluate the effects of eighteen antagonistic bacteria, as an alternative approach, to control in vitro and in planta the pathogens strains previously isolated from olive trees in Morocco. In vitro experiments revealed that many bacterial strains such as Rahnella aquatilis, Enterobacter ludwiqii, Paenibacillus brasiliensis, and Bacillus subtilis selected from collection of Regional Center of Agronomic Research, were efficient on solid media against pathogen strains. Their inhibition zones ranged from 8 to 23 mm with a higher inhibition rates found by B. subtilis strains. Enzymatic activities of antagonistic strains were assessed (cellulase, protease and amylase) as well as some plant growth promotion traits (phosphorus solubilisation and indole acetic acid production) for performance screening. B. subtilis 2515-1 was selected for pots experiment using olive trees (cv. Arbequina). This bacterium significantly reduced number and weight of knots against two pathogens strains (PSS 2064-8 and PSS 2102-4). The most reduction rates of weight and knot number were respectively 95.60% and 50%. This study suggested an alternative approach to assess the efficiency of selected bacterium in field conditions.